Author: WaelBadawy

 
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Master Your Business for Maximum Profit and Success!

Join 60+ entrepreneurs at a unique and complimentary networking and business education event on event location and date Doors open at 6:30pm for networking and the seminar is 7pm to 9pm.

Amazon Best Selling author and business trainer, Colin Sprake, will assist you to “Master Your Business for Maximum Profit and Success!” The evening is filled with 5 solid business tools that you can use immediately in growing your business and attracting more profitable clients! As usual, Colin will have an “Outrageous Offer” for all in attendance!

Click on the link below and enter the access code 9362 to meet Colin via video and get the details.

www.KnowledgeActionProfit.com

This event is regularly $149 but will be complementary for you through the event code provided!

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WHAT IS NTSC AND PAL STANDARD?

Although VHS video format is the same throughout the World, the video standard or electronic signal that is recorded on the cassette varies from country to country. The two most common video standards used are NTSC and PAL.

NTSC is the video system or standard used in North America and most of South America. In NTSC, 30 frames are transmitted each second. Each frame is made up of 525 individual scan lines.

PAL is the predominant video system or standard mostly used overseas. In PAL, 25 frames are transmitted each second. Each frame is made up of 625 individual scan lines.

 

There are other format as follows:

NTSC: National Television System Committee. Developed in the USA, also used by other countries. Utilizing the USA power net 60Hz as refreshing frequency

PAL: Phase Alternation Line. Developed in Germany, also used by other countries. Utilizing the European power net 50Hz as refreshing frequency.

SECAM: Sequential Couleur Avec Memoire. Developed in France also used by other countries. Utilizing the European power net 50Hz as refreshing frequency.

MESECAM: Mediterranean SECAM, a SECAM sub-standard developed for use in the Middle East and still used by a few countries. TV reception and playback may be viewed with both PAL and SECAM TV sets.

PAL-60: A substandard of PAL used by some countries, utilizing 60Hz instead of 50Hz refreshing frequency.

NTSC 4.43: An NTSC substandard. Most modern playback machines are dual mode and will switch automatically between versions 3.XX and 4.XX. Older machines may require manual switching or an additional external converter.

 

 

Here is a list of the countries and there popular formats:

 

COUNTRY VHF UHF DVD REGIONS
AFGHANISTAN PAL/SECAM B  5
ALBANIA PAL B PAL G  2
ALGERIA PAL B PAL G  5
ANGOLA PAL I  5
ARGENTINA PAL N PAL N  4
AUSTRALIA PAL B PAL G  4
AUSTRIA PAL B PAL G  2
AZORES PAL B
BAHAMAS NTSC M  4
BAHRAIN PAL B PAL G  2
BANGLADESH PAL B  5
BARBADOS NTSC M  4
BELGIUM PAL B PAL H  2
BERMUDA NTSC M
BOLIVIA NTSC M NTSC M  4
BOTSWANA PAL I  5
BRAZIL PAL M PAL M  4
BRUNEI PAL B PAL B
BULGARIA SECAM D SECAM K  2
BURKINA FASO SECAM K1  5
BURMA NTSC M
BURUNDI SECAM K1  5
CAMBODIA NTSC M  3
CAMEROON PAL B PAL G  5
CANADA NTSC M NTSC M < 1
CANARY ISLANDS PAL B  2
CHAD SECAM K1  5
CHILE NTSC M NTSC M  4
CHINA PAL D  6
COLOMBIA NTSC M NTSC M  4
COSTA RICA NTSC M NTSC M  4
CROATIA PAL B PAL G  2
CUBA NTSC M NTSC M  4
CYPRUS PAL B< PAL G
CZECH REPUBLIC PAL D PAL K  2
DAHOMEY SECAM K1
DENMARK PAL B PAL G  2
DJIBOUTI SECAM B SECAM G  5
DOMINICAN REP NTSC M NTSC M  4
ECUADOR NTSC M NTSC M  4
EGYPT SECAM B/PAL B SECAM G/PAL G  2
EL SALVADOR NTSC M NTSC M  4
EQUAT. GUINEA PAL B  5
ESTONIA PAL B (was SECAM) PAL D  5
ETHIOPIA PAL B PAL G  5
FIJI PAL B
FINLAND PAL B PAL G  2
FRANCE SECAM L SECAM L  2
FRENCH POLYNESIA SECAM K1
GABON SECAM K1  5
GAMBIA PAL I  5
GERMANY PAL B PAL G  2
GHANA PAL B PAL G  5
GIBRALTAR PAL B PAL H  2
GREECE PAL B (was SECAM) PAL G  2
GREENLAND NTSC/PAL B  2
GUADELOUPE SECAM K1
GUAM NTSC M  1
GUATEMALA NTSC M NTSC M  4
GUINEA PAL K  5
GUYANA (FRENCH) SECAM K1  4
HONDURAS NTSC M NTSC M  4
HONG KONG PAL I  3
HUNGARY SECAM D/PAL SECAM K/PAL  2
ICELAND PAL B PAL G  2
INDIA PAL B  5
INDONESIA PAL B PAL G  3
IRAN SECAM B SECAM G  2
IRAQ SECAM B  2
IRELAND PAL I PAL I  2
ISRAEL PAL B PAL G  2
ITALY PAL B PAL G  2
IVORY COAST SECAM K1  5
JAMAICA NTSC M  4
JAPAN NTSC M NTSC M  2
JORDAN PAL B PAL G  2
KENYA PAL B PAL G  5
KOREA NORTH PAL  5
KOREA SOUTH NTSC M NTSC M  3
KUWAIT PAL B  2
LATVIA PAL D (was SECAM) PAL K  5
LEBANON SECAM B SECAM G  2
LIBERIA PAL B PAL H  5
LIBYA SECAM B SECAM G  5
LITHUANIA PAL D (was SECAM) PAL K  5
LUXEMBOURG PAL B/SECAM L PAL G/SEC L  2
MADAGASCAR SECAM K1  5
MADEIRA PAL B
MALAGASY SECAM K1
MALAWI PAL B PAL G  5
MALAYSIA PAL B  3
MALI SECAM K1  5
MALTA PAL B PAL H  2
MARTINIQUE SECAM K1
MAURITANIA SECAM B  5
MAURITIUS SECAM B  5
MEXICO NTSC M NTSC M  4
MONACO SECAM L  2
MONGOLIA SECAM D  5
MOROCCO SECAM B  5
MOZAMBIQUE PAL B  5
NAMIBIA PAL I  5
NEPAL PAL B
NETHERLANDS PAL B PAL G  2
NETH. ANTILLES NTSC M NTSC M
NEW CALEDONIA SECAM K1
NEW GUINEA PAL B PAL G  4
NEW ZEALAND PAL B PAL G  4
NICARAGUA NTSC M NTSC M  4
NIGER SECAM K1  5
NIGERIA PAL B PAL G  5
NORWAY PAL B PAL G  2
OMAN PAL B PAL G  2
PAKISTAN PAL B  5
PANAMA NTSC M NTSC M  4
PARAGUAY (was PAL N) NTSC M (was PAL N) NTSC M  4
PERU NTSC M NTSC M  4
PHILIPPINES NTSC M NTSC M  3
POLAND PAL D PAL K  2
PORTUGAL PAL B PAL G  2
PUERTO RICO NTSC M NTSC M  1
QATAR PAL B  2
REUNION SECAM K1
RUMANIA PAL D PAL K  2
RUSSIA SECAM D SECAM K  5
RWANDA SECAM K1  5
SABAH/SAWARA PAL B
ST. KITTS NTSC M NTSC M
SAMOA (US) NTSC M  1
SAUDI ARABIA SECAM-B/PAL-B SECAM G  2
SENEGAL PAL  5
SEYCHELLES PAL B PAL G  5
SIERRA LEONE PAL B PAL G  5
SINGAPORE PAL B PAL G
SLOVAK REPUBLIC PAL PAL  2
SOMALIA PAL B PAL G  5
SOUTH AFRICA PAL I PAL I  2
SPAIN PAL B PAL G  2
SRI LANKA PAL B  5
SUDAN PAL B PAL G  5
SURINAM NTSC M NTSC M  4
SWAZILAND PAL B PAL G
SWEDEN PAL B PAL G  2
SWITZERLAND PAL B PAL G  2
SYRIA SECAM B  2
TAHITI SECAM K1
TAIWAN NTSC M NTSC M  3
TANZANIA PAL B PAL B  5
THAILAND PAL B  3
TOGO SECAM K  5
TRINIDAD TOBAGO NTSC M NTSC M  4
TUNISIA SECAM B  5
TURKEY PAL B PAL G
UGANDA PAL B PAL G  5
UKRAINE PAL / SECAM D-K  5
UNITED ARAB EMIR. PAL B PAL G  2
UNITED KINGDOM PAL I  2
UPPER VOLTA SECAM K1
URUGUAY PAL N PAL N  4
USA NTSC M NTSC M  1
VENEZUELA NTSC M NTSC M  4
VIETNAM PAL B PAL G  3
YEMEN PAL B  2
YUGOSLAVIA PAL B PAL G  2
ZAIRE SECAM K1
ZAMBIA PAL B PAL G  5
ZIMBABWE PAL B PAL G  5

 

 

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DVD – Region Codes

What are region codes?Region encoding is the mechanism that enables motion picture studios to control the worldwide release of their movies. It is required by the DVD Forum (https://www.dvdforum.org/forum.shtml) in all commercial hardware DVD players. Every DVD-Video disc contains one byte of data representing a region code, which limits where the disc can be played. Region codes correspond to the following areas of the globe:

  1. Canada, United States, and U.S. territories
  2. Japan, Middle East, South Africa, Western Europe
  3. East Asia, Southeast Asia
  4. Australia, Caribbean islands, Central America, Mexico, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, South America
  5. Africa, Eastern Europe, India, Mongolia, North Korea
  6. China
  7. Reserved
  8. Special international venues (airplanes, cruise ships, and so forth)

How is the region code set?

The first time you insert a DVD disc in Mac OS X v10.3 or later:

  • If the disc only supports one region, the DVD drive is set to that region. No dialog box appears if you are logged in as an admin user. This will automatically count against the number of times you can change the region setting (see below).
  • If the disc supports more than one region, or is region-free, the below dialog appears asking you to choose a region for your DVD drive.

If you later insert a DVD that uses a different region, the above dialog will appear.

You can change the region setting up to 5 times, as indicated in the dialog box. On the fifth time, the drive is permanently set to use that region, and you cannot make any more changes. For example, imagine you have both a Region 1 and Region 2 DVD-Video disc. You insert the Region 1 disc and DVD Player is now set to play only Region 1 discs. You insert the Region 2 disc, and set the drive to play only Region 2 discs. If you continue to switch between the discs, on the fifth time the DVD drive is permanently set to use the region of that disc.

Learn more

Discs with the region byte set to all zeros (sometimes called Region 0) can be played in any part of the world. Region 0 DVD-Video discs, such as those created by iDVD, do not have a geographical boundary. However, your DVD player and television must be compatible with the video standard used to record the movie on the disc. You should be able to play any Region 0 DVD disc with the DVD Player application since it is compatible with these video standards.

DVD players are generally limited to playing discs of only one region—usually the region where the DVD player was purchased. For example, DVD players purchased in Canada usually only play Region 1 DVD-Video discs.

This blog is inspired by Amy Maria  https://www.facebook.com/amy.maria.965

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Five reasons why laws exist

Laws exist for five basic reasons, and all of them can be abused.

 

  1. The Harm Principle

Laws created under the Harm Principle are written to protect people from being harmed by others. Laws against violent crime and property crime fall into this category. Without basic Harm Principle laws, a society ultimately degenerates into despotism–the rule of the strong and violent over the weak and nonviolent. Harm Principle laws are essential, and every government on Earth has them.

 

  1. The Parental Principle

In addition to laws intended to discourage people from harming each other, some laws are written to prohibit self-harm. Parental Principle laws include compulsory attendance laws for children, laws against neglect of children and vulnerable adults, and laws banning the possession of certain drugs. Some Parental Principle laws are essential to protect children and vulnerable adults, but even in those cases they can be oppressive if they are not narrowly written and sensibly enforced.

 

  1. The Morality Principle

Some laws are based not strictly on harm or self-harm concerns, but also on promoting the personal morality of the law’s authors. These laws are usually, but not always, grounded in religious belief. Historically, most of these laws have something to do with sex–but some European laws against Holocaust denial and other forms of hate speech also appear to be motivated primarily by the Morality

 

  1. The Donation Principle

All governments have laws granting goods or services of some kind to its citizens. When these laws are used to control behavior, however, they can give some people, groups, or organizations unfair advantages over others. Laws promoting specific religious beliefs, for example, are gifts that governments extend to religious groups in hopes of gaining their support. Laws punishing certain corporate practices are sometimes used to reward corporations that are in the government’s good graces, and/or to punish corporations that are not. Some conservatives argue that many social service initiatives are Donation Principle laws intended to buy the support of low-income voters, who tend to vote Democratic.

 

  1. The Statist Principle

The most dangerous laws are those intended to protect the government from harm, or to increase its power for its own sake. Some Statist Principle laws are necessary–laws against treason and espionage, for example, are essential to the stability of government. But Statist Principle laws can also be dangerous–laws restricting criticism of the government, such as flag burning laws that prohibit the desecration of symbols that remind people of the government, can easily lead to a politically oppressive society full of imprisoned dissidents and frightened citizens who are afraid to speak out.

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Legal Rules v. Non-legal Rules

Rules are principles that guide our behaviour. They can derive their authority from the law (made by parliament or the courts), or by an organisation or cultural expectation. Legal rules apply to everybody and the State provides a mechanism to enforce them.

Non-legal rules, when made by an organisation, only apply to people within that organisation.  A society may enforce cultural norms through its media and individual people’s behaviour.

For example, a golf club may require its members to wear a certain colour of pants, and prevent its members from entering the club if they are not wearing the right coloured pants. The popular, fashion-forward girls in an American high school may laugh and turn their back on a girl wearing white pants after Labor Day, discouraging her from wearing them in future (deterrence). However, there is no legal rule about the colour of your pants, so nobody can sue you or report you to the police for that.

Whilst not strictly relevant right now, it is useful to keep in mind that there are different types of legal rules. Legal rules can be characterised in the following ways:

  • their jurisdiction (state, federal or international application)
  • the area of law (very broadly speaking, civil law or criminal law)
  • their level of detail (laws or regulations)
  • who they were made by (parliament/legislation, court/common law/case law/judge made law, subordinate/delegated authorities, constitutional powers).

The image above illustrates the similarities and differences between legal and non-legal rules.

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CAVLC Encoder Design for Real-Time Mobile Video Applications

Abstract

This brief presents a new context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC) architecture. The prototype is designed for the H.264/AVC baseline profile entropy coder. The proposed design offers area savings by reducing the size of the statistic buffer. The arithmetic table elimination technique further reduces the area. The split VLC tables simplify the process of bit-stream generation and also help in reducing some area. The proposed architecture is implemented on Xilinx Virtex II field-programmable gate array (2v3000fg676-4). Simulation result shows that the architecture is capable of processing common/quarter-common intermediate format frame sequences in real-time at a core speed of 50 MHz with 6.85-K logic gates.

Published in:

Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on  (Volume:54 ,  Issue: 10 )

C. A. Rahman and W. Badawy, “CAVLC Encoder Design for Real-time Mobile Video Applications”, The IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II, Oct. 2007 Vol 54, Issue: 10, pp. 873-877.
Link to the list of other Peer Journal Publications

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The 5 Ways to Uplevel Your Credibility

If you want to earn top dollar for your coaching programs, it’s clear you’ll first have to become the go-to expert in your niche. You’re likely already working toward that goal, and probably have been for some time, but if you’re not quite there yet, here’s how to jumpstart your career.

Content Creation. This is by far the most important thing you can do to grow your audience and your credibility. Blog posts, podcasts, ebooks, and self-paced training programs—whether free or paid—are the building blocks of your empire, and if you want to earn top dollar, you first have to put in the work to create a solid foundation.

Video. This is where a lot of people struggle. Maybe you hate the sound of your voice or you hate how you look on video. You’ll need to get over it. Your potential clients need to get to know you better before they shell out $5,000 or $10,000 for that group-coaching program you’re putting together, and video is the easiest way for them to do that. So get a makeover, hire a video coach, and start sharing what you know on YouTube and other video channels.

Write a Book. The big daddy of content, a real, physical book can skyrocket your credibility and pave the way for the rest of your coaching career. Now, we’re not talking about Kindle books here (although they do have their place in your overall content plans). No, for this, you want to publish a printed book—and if you can attract the attention of a publishing house rather than going the self-publishing route, that lends more credibility.

Speaking. Nothing says “I’m an expert” quite like getting to take to the stage and speak in front of a group. Chances are your expert status has already attracted the attention of event organizers and you’ve been asked to speak. If you have, and have turned down the opportunity, now is the time to boost up your confidence and make the leap. If you haven’t, then go out and actively seek opportunities that are a good fit. Don’t be afraid to start small—at your local Chamber of Commerce or a recurring MeetUp group—but keep an eye on the big stage, too, and be open for the chance to wow a crowd with your expertise.

Host a Live Event. Want to really blow your audience away with your coaching and business skills? Plan and host a live event. It doesn’t have to be huge—in fact a small, intimate venue is often the best choice—but do start making plans. Live event hosts are often viewed as the real movers and shakers in their industries (because they are).

Remember, too, no matter which credibility-boosting method you’re using, it will only work if people know about it. So don’t just start a podcast, market it. Don’t step onto a stage of any size without shouting about it to the rooftops, and never ever write a book without a big launch. Credibility and visibility go hand in hand, so do everything you can to get the word out about your achievements.

To start – fill in The Complete Assessment for a free assessment

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A Simplified 8×8 Transformation And Quantization Real-Time Ip-Block For Mpeg-4 H.264/Avc Applications: A New Design Flow Approach

Abstract

Current multimedia design processes suffer from the excessively large time spent on testing new IP-blocks with references based on large video encoders specifications (usually several thousands lines of code). The appropriate testing of a single IP-block may require the conversion of the overall encoder from software to hardware, which is difficult to complete in the short time required by the competition-driven reduced time-to-market demanded for the adoption of a new video coding standard. This paper presents a new design flow to accelerate the conformance testing of an IP-block using the H.264/AVC software reference model. An example block of the simplified 8 × 8 transformation and quantization, which is adopted in FRExt, is provided as a case study demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach.

To Download A SIMPLIFIED 8 × 8 TRANSFORMATION AND QUANTIZATION REAL-TIME IP-BLOCK FOR MPEG-4 H.264/AVC APPLICATIONS: A NEW DESIGN FLOW APPROACH

 

Ihab Amer, Wael Badawy, Graham Jullien, Marco Mattavelli, And Robert Turney, “A Simplified 8×8 Transformation And Quantization Real-Time Ip-Block For Mpeg-4 H.264/Avc Applications: A New Design Flow Approach,” Journal of Circuits, Systems, and Computers Vol. 16, No. 6 (2007) 1011–1026

Link to the list of other Peer Journal Publications

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Your First Live Event: Start Small, Think Big

Hands down, one of the best ways to boost your credibility as a coach is to host your own live events. They’re a chance for you to show off your expertise, provide social proof (your guest speakers will do that for you), and get your name in front of more potential clients and customers.

So what’s holding you back?

Well, if you’re like most people, it’s fear. Fear of not being able to attract speakers. Fear of not being able to sell enough tickets. Fear of just putting yourself out there and saying, “I’m hosting an event.”

Here’s the secret though. Your event does not have to be a 300-person affair. Sure, you can have aspirations of that (and you really should), but that’s not where you begin. You begin with a small, intimate venue that holds less than 50 people.

Think about it. If you only have to sell 50 tickets, there’s a lot less pressure to perform. You’ll have lower out-of-pocket expenses, fewer people to please, and less equipment to worry about.

But you still have all the benefits of being able to say, “I’m hosting an event.”

Plus, this live event will lay the groundwork for future events. Because you’ve got the experience, it will be much easier to add live group coaching or mastermind components to your top-dollar coaching programs. You’ll have a lot less worry over managing all the pieces and parts, simply because you’ve “been there, done that” on more than one occasion.

Live events can take many forms, too, so don’t think you have to commit yourself to a multi-day, multi-speaker conference. Your first event might be a local Meetup, or a half-day workshop held at your favorite conference center, or even a free mastermind session tacked on to a larger event you’re attending. The point is to get your feet wet and pave the way for bigger and better events down the road.

So while you’re planning your event, keep these points in mind:

  • Promote and talk up your event as if it’s the biggest thing in your industry. Don’t lie, of course, but do be energetic and positive about it.
  • Get testimonials from attendees, and do it while you’re at the event. Don’t wait until they get home, because we are forgetful creatures.
  • Take notes. What worked, what didn’t, what could have been improved?
  • Keep it simple. Don’t try to host a multi-day, multi-room event for your first time out. Put that on your “someday” list instead.

But the most important point about your first live event? Just do it. Step outside your comfort zone and enter the world of event hosts. Once you’re there, you’ll find that your coaching credibility increases exponentially.

To start – fill in the The Complete Assessment for a free assessment

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5 Ways to Uplevel Your Credibility

If you want to earn top dollar for your coaching programs, it’s clear you’ll first have to become the go-to expert in your niche. You’re likely already working toward that goal, and probably have been for some time, but if you’re not quite there yet, here’s how to jumpstart your career.

Content Creation. This is by far the most important thing you can do to grow your audience and your credibility. Blog posts, podcasts, ebooks, and self-paced training programs—whether free or paid—are the building blocks of your empire, and if you want to earn top dollar, you first have to put in the work to create a solid foundation.

Video. This is where a lot of people struggle. Maybe you hate the sound of your voice or you hate how you look on video. You’ll need to get over it. Your potential clients need to get to know you better before they shell out $5,000 or $10,000 for that group-coaching program you’re putting together, and video is the easiest way for them to do that. So get a makeover, hire a video coach, and start sharing what you know on YouTube and other video channels.

Write a Book. The big daddy of content, a real, physical book can skyrocket your credibility and pave the way for the rest of your coaching career. Now, we’re not talking about Kindle books here (although they do have their place in your overall content plans). No, for this, you want to publish a printed book—and if you can attract the attention of a publishing house rather than going the self-publishing route, that lends more credibility.

Speaking. Nothing says “I’m an expert” quite like getting to take to the stage and speak in front of a group. Chances are your expert status has already attracted the attention of event organizers and you’ve been asked to speak. If you have, and have turned down the opportunity, now is the time to boost up your confidence and make the leap. If you haven’t, then go out and actively seek opportunities that are a good fit. Don’t be afraid to start small—at your local Chamber of Commerce or a recurring MeetUp group—but keep an eye on the big stage, too, and be open for the chance to wow a crowd with your expertise.

Host a Live Event. Want to really blow your audience away with your coaching and business skills? Plan and host a live event. It doesn’t have to be huge—in fact a small, intimate venue is often the best choice—but do start making plans. Live event hosts are often viewed as the real movers and shakers in their industries (because they are).

Remember, too, no matter which credibility-boosting method you’re using, it will only work if people know about it. So don’t just start a podcast, market it. Don’t step onto a stage of any size without shouting about it to the rooftops, and never ever write a book without a big launch. Credibility and visibility go hand in hand, so do everything you can to get the word out about your achievements.

To start – fill in the The The Complete Assessment for a free assessment